On the the left side, there are 1Al, 3O, and 3H1Al,3O,and3H originaly and 2Al, 4O, and 2H2Al,4O,and2H. Since both sides need to have the same amount of each element, both sides need to have 2Al, 6O, and 6H2Al,6O,and6H. This is why there are 3 water molecules, two Al(OH)_3Al(OH)3 molecules, and 1 molecule of Al_2O_3Al2O3 to have the equation balanced.