How do DNA, genes and chromosomes work together?
1 Answer
DNA are the chemical structure of genes; Chromosomes are the physical structure of the genes while genes are the actual sequence of code which when interpreted leads to specific proteins being created
Explanation:
DNA or Deoxyribonucleic Acid is composed of simpler monomers (called nucletides) which in turn is composed of 4 nitrogen containing molecules (called nucleobases) cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A) and thymine (T).
All those nucleobases are bonded together with a sugar(deoxyribose) and a phospate group. The nucleobases bond together according to the base pairing rules where a cytosine (C) can only pair with guanine (G) while adenine (A) can only bond with thymine (T).
This sequence of A, G, C & T store the biological information of each and every protein which has to be generated by the organism.
A small combination of sequence of A, G, C & T responsible for a single protein is called as "Gene".
DNA molecules consists of 2 such strands which are coiled around together to form the double helix structure.
Chromosomes are the compressed & organised form these DNA strands which are grouped together. Humans have a total of 46 Chromosomes (23 from each parents)
