Question

How does the surface area of a mitochondrion or chloroplast affect its energy output?

Answer 1

Greater surface area leads to higher energy output.

Explanation:

In general, greater the surface area to volume ratio, a higher rate of reaction, movement, absorption etc. In the mitochondrion, there are inner foldings called Mitochondrial cristae which help to greatly increase the surface area and lead to a faster production of ATP because there are more places to perform the processes and produce more ATP. Thus more energy will be released.