Question

What determines the magnitude of the equilibrium constant of the autoprotolysis reaction of water? `2H_2O(l) rightleftharpoons H_3O^+ + HO^(-).` `K_w=10^(-14).`

Answer 1

The strength of the interatomic bond...........

Explanation:

And the stability of the particles formed by such dissociation.....

As you know water undergoes such dissociation, in a so-called autoprotolysis reaction.....

`2H_2O rightleftharpoons H_3O^+ + OH^-`

And the extent of this dissociation is very small.......

`K_w=[H_3O^+][HO^-]=10^-14`.

On the other hand, hydrogen chloride is a covalent molecule, that is supplied as a gas........

Because it can undergo protolysis, we would represent its dissolution in water as......

`HCl(g) stackrel(H_2O)rarrH_3O^+ + Cl^-`

Even despite such dissociation the `H-X` bond is covalent to a first approximation, and it can be supplied in a gaseous cylinder....The hydrochloric acid that we use in bottles, when the acid is solvated, has a concentration of approx. `10.6*mol*L^-1`.