Question #e6ebb

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Question #e6ebb

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Answer 1 · 2017-10-23T15:10:51

$d$ $d$ subshells have maximum $10$ $10$ electrons.

Explanation:

The $s$ $s$ subshell has $2$ $2$ electrons.

The $p$ $p$ subshell can have $6$ $6$ .

The $d$ $d$ subshell can have $10$ $10$ .

The $f$ $f$ subshell can have $14$ $14$ .

This is partially due to the orbitals becoming more complex as they go down so can have more possible orientations in space. For instance, an $s$ $s$ subshell is just a sphere so can only have $1$ $1$ orientation in space so can have $1$ $1$ orbital with $2$ $2$ electrons, while $p$ $p$ subshells are figures of eight so can be rotated 3 different ways along $x, y, z$ $x,y,z$ planes, so ca have $3$ $3$ orbitals.

$d$ $d$ subshells are yet more complex and have $5$ $5$ orbitals with $10$ $10$ electrons, while $f$ $f$ can have $7$ $7$ orbitals with $14$ $14$ electrons.

You can have $2$ $2$ electrons per orbital due to spin and the Pauli exclusion principle - no two fermions may have the same quantum numbers in the same place, so in the same orbital the two electrons must have different spins to obey Pauli exclusion. One has a $+ \frac{1}{2}$ $+1/2$ spin and one has a $- \frac{1}{2}$ $-1/2$ spin.

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