Question

Question #193cc

Answer 1

`rarr`Humans have 23 pairs of chromosome in which 22 pairs are Autosomes and 1 pair {that can be XX/XY} is Allosome{sex chromosome}.

23 Pairs`rArr`22 AA + XY/XX

`rarr`Autosomes are homologous chromosomal pairs and Allosomes or sex chromosomes are partially homologous chromosomal pairs.

`rarr`Sex chromosomes or allosomes are in hemizygous condition(XY) in male and homozygous condition(XX) in female.

`rarr`Sex chromosomes involve in sex determination and autosomes do not involve in sex determination.

`rarr` In sex chromosomes, Y chromosome is shorter and in autosomal pairs both the chromosomes are of the same height{similar in morphology}

`rarr` In sex chromosomal pair, the position of the centromere may not be the same and, in autosomal pairs, the position of the centromere is the same.

Answer 2

Essentially, sex chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes that determines whether an individual is male or female. (The X and Y)
In humans, sex chromosomes are 1/23 pairs of chromosomes- The other 22 pairs of the chromosomes are called autosomes.
Autosome pairs are truly homologous; Each member of a pair contains a ‘look-a-like’ of the same genes.

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Sources:
https://www.britannica.com/science/autosome
http://pediaa.com/difference-between-autosomes-and-sex-chromosomes/