How is $ferric oxide$ $"ferric oxide"$ reduced by carbon to give steel?

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How is $ferric oxide$ $"ferric oxide"$ reduced by carbon to give steel?

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Answer 1 · 2016-03-05T14:59:26

$Reduction:$ $"Reduction:"$ $F e_{2} O_{3} (s) + 6 H^{+} + 6 e^{-} \to 2 F e (s) + 3 H_{2} O (l)$ $Fe_2O_3(s) + 6H^(+)+6e^(-) rarr 2Fe(s) + 3H_2O(l)$ $(i)$ $(i)$

$Oxidation:$ $"Oxidation:"$ $C (s) + 2 H_{2} O (l) \to C O_{2} (s) + 4 H^{+} + 4 e^{-}$ $C(s) +2H_2O(l) rarr CO_2(s) + 4H^+ + 4e^-$ $(i i)$ $(ii)$

Explanation:

Overall: $2 \times (i) + 3 \times (i i)$ $2xx(i) + 3xx(ii)$

$2 F e_{2} O_{3} + 3 C (s) \to 4 F e (s) + 3 C O_{2} (g)$ $2Fe_2O_3 + 3C(s) rarr 4Fe(s) + 3CO_2(g)$

These are balanced with respect to (i) mass, and (ii) charge, as in fact it must be!

Clearly I have been able to cancel the waters and $H^{+}$ $H^+$ . Charge is balanced; mass is balanced. This represents a reasonable reaction for iron smelting. Industrially, coke is heated to give (red-hot!) carbon monoxide, which is injected (blasted!) into the iron oxide slag, where it performs the redox reaction. Note that I do not utilize dioxygen gas in these equations, because I want to represent the redox behaviour of iron and carbon only, so I need separate redox couples.

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How is $ferric oxide$ $"ferric oxide"$ reduced by carbon to give steel?

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How is ferric oxide"ferric oxide" reduced by carbon to give steel?

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How is $ferric oxide$ $"ferric oxide"$ reduced by carbon to give steel?