Question #a86c8

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Answer 1 · 2016-12-28T17:39:04

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(a) Nitration of phenol

The $"OH"$ group is highly activating, so the reaction is carried out at 20 °C.

The 2-nitrophenol is removed by steam distillation.

The 4-nitrophenol is filtered off and purified by recrystallization.

(b) $"NaBH"_4$ reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol

The 4-nitrophenol is reduced to 4-aminophenol at 15 °C by $"NaBH"_4$ and $"Pd/C"$ in dilute aqueous $"NaOH"$ .

(c) Acetylation of 4-aminophenol to paracetamol

The 4-aminophenol is acetylated with acetic anhydride and water at room temperature.

The crude paracetamol is recrystallized from water.