Can you illustrate Markownikow's rule in the context of hydrohalogenation of olefins?

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Answer 1 · 2017-05-16T16:21:43

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$"Markownikow addition"$ describes the general preference of unsymmetrical olefins towards addition of hydrogen halides.

i.e. $RCH=CH_2 + HXrarrRCH_2CH_2X$

$"To him that hath hydrogen shall be given hydrogen....."$

This reflects the stability of the secondary carbocation as compared to the primary carbocation:

$XH+ RCH=CH_2 rarr Rstackrel(+)CH-CH_3 +X^-$

VERSUS

$XH+ RCH=CH_2 rarr RCH_2-stackrel(+)CH_2 +X^-$