Question

Given `f(x)+1`, how do you describe the transformation?

Answer 1

`f(x)` is shifted one unit positive on the vertical axis

Explanation:

`f(x)+1` shifts `f(x)` one unit positive ("up") along the vertical ("`y`") axis.

As an example consider the case of `f(x) = x^2` in the graphs below.

graph{x^2 [-10, 10, -5, 5]}

graph{x^2+1 [-10, 10, -5, 5]}

The lower graph is `x^2+1` which shifts ("transforms") the function 1 unit up the `y-`axis