How many sigma and pi bonds do sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2 have?

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How many sigma and pi bonds do sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2 have?

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Answer 1 · 2016-08-04T23:16:26

Without knowing more context, it's not possible to know the number of $π$ $pi$ bonds.

If you want to get the number of $π$ $pi$ bonds, know what compound you're looking at, and just count them.

One pure double bond has one $σ$ $sigma$ and one $π$ $pi$ bond, and one pure triple bond has one $σ$ $sigma$ and two $π$ $pi$ bonds.

From knowing the hybridization of the central atom, we can determine the number of $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around the central atom, but no more than that without more information.

Examples:

$s p$ $sp$ hybridization in acetylene corresponds with two $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around one carbon.
![https://upload.wikimedia.org/]()

$s p^{2}$ $sp^2$ hybridization in ethene corresponds with three $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around one carbon.
![https://upload.wikimedia.org/]()

$s p^{3}$ $sp^3$ hybridization in methane corresponds with four $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around one carbon.
![https://upload.wikimedia.org/]()

$s p^{3} d$ $sp^3d$ hybridization in ${PF}_{5}$ $"PF"_5$ corresponds with five $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around one phosphorus.
![https://upload.wikimedia.org/]()

$s p^{3} d^{2}$ $sp^3d^2$ hybridization in ${SF}_{6}$ $"SF"_6$ corresponds with six $σ$ $sigma$ bonds around one sulfur.
![https://upload.wikimedia.org/]()

You can see that the number of orbitals used in the hybridization spits out the same number of hybridized orbitals that can $σ$ $sigma$ bond. That is, you get five $s p^{3} d$ $sp^3d$ orbitals, for example.

Therefore, the number of orbitals used in the hybridization is the number of $\mathbf(sigma)$ bonds made around the central atom.

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How many sigma and pi bonds do sp, sp2, sp3, sp3d, sp3d2 have?

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