How much (in #"L"#) of a #"1.2-M"# #"NaCl"# solution must be used to dilute to create #"1 L"# of a #"0.12-M"# #"NaCl"# solution?
1 Answer
Explanation:
The thing to remember about dilution calculations is that the dilution factor,
- The ratio that exists between the concentration of the stock solution and the concentration of the diluted solution
- The ratio that exists between the volume of the diluted solution and the volume of the stock solution
So for any dilution, you have
#"DF" = color(white)(overbrace(color(black)(c_"stock"/c_"diluted"))^(color(blue)("concentration ratio: stock/diluted"))) = color(white)(overbrace(color(black)(V_"diluted"/V_"stock"))^(color(blue)("volume ratio: diluted/stock")))#
In your case, the dilution factor is equal to
#"DF" = (1.2 color(red)(cancel(color(black)("M"))))/(0.12color(red)(cancel(color(black)("M")))) = color(blue)(10)#
This tells you that the volume of the diluted solution is
You can thus say that you have
#V_"stock" = V_"diluted"/"DF"#
which, in your case, will get you
#V_"stock" = "1 L"/color(blue)(10) = color(darkgreen)(ul(color(black)("0.1 L")))#
The answer is rounded to one significant figure.
So, in order to perform this dilution, you take
This will decrease the concentration of sodium chloride from