What are the main hormones in human body and what is the importance of these hormones in the body?
1 Answer
Hormones are the body's chemical messengers. The human body secretes and circulates some 50 different hormones.
Explanation:
Hypothalamus
- Releasing hormones - Stimulates the pituitary gland to release hormones.
- Inhibiting hormones - Inhibits release of pituitary gland hormones.
Anterior Pituitary
- Growth Hormone (GH) - Stimulates growth in all organs/tissues, increases protein synthesis, the mobilisation and use of fat for energy and inhibits carbohydrate metabolism
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Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) - Controls the secretion of the hormones released by the thyroid
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) - Controls the secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex
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Endorphins - Blocks pain
Posterior Pituitary
- Anti diuretic hormone(ADH) - Stimulates water retention by the kidneys
Adrenal Medulla
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Adrenaline (Epinephrine) - Mobilises glucose, increases heart rate, heart contractility, oxygen use and blood flow to skeletal muscles
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Nor adrenaline (Nor epinephrine) - Constricts blood vessels and elevates blood pressure.
Adrenal Cortex
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Aldosterone - Regulates electrolyte and fluid balance.
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Cortisol - Increases blood sugar levels, aids the metabolism of fats, CHO and proteins, suppresses the immune system, has an anti-inflammatory action.
Pancreas
- Insulin - Controls blood glucose by lowering blood glucose levels.
- Glucagon - Increases blood glucose, stimulates breakdown of glycogen and fat
Kidneys
- Renin - Assists in blood pressure control
Gonads
- Testosterone - in testes.
Development of male sex organs, facial hair and change in voice. Promotes muscle growth. - Oestrogen - Development of female sex organs, regulates menstrual cycle; storage of fat.
sources: http://www.ptdirect.com/training-design/anatomy-and-physiology/the-major-hormones-and-their-functions
http://www.ikonet.com/en/visualdictionary/static/us/hormones