What is the equation for: Hydrochloric acid is added to diammine silver (l) chloride?

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What is the equation for: Hydrochloric acid is added to diammine silver (l) chloride?

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Answer 1 · 2017-07-03T17:51:01

$[A {g (N H_{3})}_{2}] C l (a q) + 2 H C l (a q) \to A g C l (s) ⏐ ⏐ ↓ + 2 N H_{4}^{+} C l^{-} (a q)$ $[Ag(NH_3)_2]Cl(aq) + 2HCl(aq) rarr AgCl(s)darr + 2NH_4^+Cl^(-)(aq)$

Explanation:

Silver ion can form a complex ion with ammonia to give ${[A {g (N H_{3})}_{2}]}_{2}^{+}$ $[Ag(NH_3)_2]^+$ . The addition of hydrochloric acid would protonate the amine, decompose the complex ion, and cause precipitation of the highly insoluble silver halide as a curdy white precipitate.

Answer 2 · 2017-07-03T17:52:42

This is kind of an interesting reaction.

From the $HCl$ $"HCl"$ , while the ${Cl}^{-}$ $"Cl"^(-)$ doesn't really do anything other than induce the common ion effect (the ${Cl}^{-}$ $"Cl"^(-)$ on the $AgCl (s)$ $"AgCl"(s)$ was from the outer coordination sphere of the complex), the $H^{+}$ $"H"^(+)$ can protonate the ammine ligands in the inner coordination sphere:

$[Ag {({NH}_{3})}_{2}] Cl (a q) + 2 HCl (a q) \to AgCl (s) + 2 {NH}_{4} Cl (a q)$ $["Ag"("NH"_3)_2]"Cl"(aq) + 2"HCl"(aq) -> "AgCl"(s) + 2"NH"_4"Cl"(aq)$

This works since the ammine ligands are Lewis bases. They can break their $σ$ $sigma$ interaction with the $Ag$ $"Ag"$ atom (which is fairly weak anyway) and form a stronger $σ$ $sigma$ bond to form the weak acid, ${NH}_{4}^{+}$ $"NH"_4^(+)$ .

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What is the equation for: Hydrochloric acid is added to diammine silver (l) chloride?

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