The empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio defining constituent atoms in a species. Given say a molecule of N2O4 or C2H6...the empirical formulae are NO2 and CH3 by the given definition.
And of course, the molecular formula is a whole number multiple of the empirical formula...in general combustion analysis gives us %C;H;N...and we can use this to approach the empirical formula. For the molecular formula we need a determination of molecular mass.