What kinds of ions do a sodium atom and a chlorine atom become when a valence electron is transferred from one to the other?

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Answer 1 · 2015-12-30T08:20:33

The chlorine atom is reduced; the sodium atom is oxidized.

Heat sodium metal up in an atmosphere of chlorine gas, and a redox reaction occurs; a transfer of electrons.

$N a \to N a^{+} + e^{-}$ $Na rarr Na^+ + e^(-)$ ;

Sodium (gas) is oxidized.

$\frac{1}{2} C l_{2} + e^{-} \to C l^{-}$ $1/2Cl_2 + e^(-) rarr Cl^(-)$ .

Chlorine gas is reduced.

Add these reactions together, and we get:

$N a + \frac{1}{2} C l_{2} \to N a C l$ $Na + 1/2Cl_2 rarr NaCl$

This is certainly a redox reaction, and the individual reaction enthalpies may be precisely measured and defined.