How do you do gas stoichiometry problems at STP?
2 Answers
Gas stoichiometry problems relate the number of moles of reactants and products, so use the ideal gas law at standard temperature and pressure (273.15 K and 1.00 atm) to solve for the number of moles of gas at a specified volume, V:
If V is given in liters, then use the gas constant
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure 273 K and 1 atm) we are able to use Avogadro's number of 22.4 L per mole of gas or
22.4 L/mole as our conversion factor in the stoichiometry.
EXAMPLE
How many liters of hydrogen gas are necessary to react with 10 grams of nitrogen to produce ammonia at standard temperature and pressure?
We begin with a balanced chemical equation
Now using the given value of 10 grams of nitrogen we will convert using stoichiometry
(remember
Use the mole ratio from the balanced chemical equation to convert moles of
Now use Avogadro's number 22.4 L/mol to convert moles of
Remember, we can only use the 22.4 L/mole value if the reaction is taking place at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP = 0 C and
1 atm).
Here's a video that might be helpful: