In general: For an exponential function whose exponent tends to ±∞ as x→∞, the function tends to ∞ or 0 respectively as x→∞.
Note that this applies similarly for x→−∞ Further, as the exponent approaches ±∞, minute changes in x will (typically) lead to drastic changes in the value of the function.
Note that behavior changes for functions where the base of the exponential function, i.e. the a in f(x)=ax, is such that −1≤a≤1.
Those involving −1≤a<0 will behave oddly (as the f(x) will not take on any real values, save where x is an integer), while 0x is always 0 and 1x is always 1.
For those values 0<a<1, however, the behavior is the opposite of the long-term behavior noted above.
For functions ax with 0<a<1, as x→∞, f(x)→0, and as x→−∞, f(x)→∞
