Octet Rule

Key Questions

• Can the octet rule be broken?

  But of course...

  ---

  and we see that in many molecules, like the trigonal bipyramidal `"PCl"_5`, the octahedral `"SF"_6`, and the square pyramidal `"ClF"_5`. There are many other examples among transition metal complexes that I won't mention.

  Here, `10` valence electrons surround phosphorus.

  

  Here, `12` valence electrons surround sulfur.

  

  Here, `12` valence electrons surround chlorine.

  

  This is possible because all three central atoms have access to orbitals on the third quantum level, `n = 3`. In all of these cases, the `3d` orbitals can be used, allowing extra space to store more than `8` total valence electrons.

  Truong-Son N. · 1 · May 15 2018

• What is the duet rule?
• Does PC5 obey the octet rule?
• Why does B(CH3)3 violate the octet rule?
• What element never obeys the ''octet rule'' when covalently bonding?
• Why is the octet rule important in covalent bonding?
• Why does the octet rule have exceptions?
• Why are closed shells more stable?
• What is the difference between the octet rule and the duet rule?
• How does the octet rule apply to ionic compounds?
• How does the octet rule affect metals?
• Can the octet rule be broken?
• How can atoms exceed the octet rule?
• What are some examples of a closed shell?
• What does a closed shell mean?
• Is hydrogen the only element to react to produce a duet of valence electrons?
• Question #1a22d
• Question #de62a
• Question #4fd9e
• Question #e2115
• What happens to a neutral nonmetal atom in order for the octet rule to be satisfied?
• What can atoms do to satisfy the octet rule?
• Why does oxygen form an `O^(2-)` ion and not an `O^(3-)` ion?
• On the periodic table, why are atoms in group 1 likely to form ions with a +1 charge?
• Beryllium has an atomic number of `2`. What is its electron configuration? Will it lose `2` electrons or gain `6` to form an ion?
• How many electrons does potassium have to give up in order to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration?
• What are the limitations of Octet Rule?
• How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
• Question #9cad7
• Why does the `NO_2` molecule not follow the octet rule?
• Question #9d69f
• Question #12317
• Calcium has an atomic number of 20. How many electrons does calcium lose when forming an ionic bond with another ion?
• Who proposed the law of octaves?
• Which is least stable?
• How many electrons does nitrogen have to gain when it becomes an ion?
• Question #aee07
• How many valence electrons does `"Cr"` have?
• How do you define the octet rule?
• Question #dc518
• Based on the octet rule, iodine most likely forms what kind of an ion?
• How many electrons must the atoms of the elements below share with other atoms in covalent bonding to achieve an octet of electrons?
• Do polyatomic ions with an odd number of electrons obey the octet rule?
• What are three nonmetal elements that combine with only one fluorine atom to form a stable compound?
• Question #4034c
• What type of element will tend to gain electrons in satisfying the octet rule?
• Question #1a40a
• How can we use the valence electrons and the octet rule to predict the charge an element will obtain?
• Question #50104
• Question #7468b
• How do we conceive that elements typically fill up their orbitals?
• Does aluminum trifluoride have to have an octet around the central atom?
• Question #5f836
• Why can elements in the 3rd period exceed 8 valence electrons?