By finding the roots x_1 and x_2 you can factor using the formula:
ax^2+bx+c=a(x-x_1)(x-x_2)
x^2+8x+14=0
Δ=b^2-4*a*c=8^2-4*1*14=8
x=(-b+-sqrt(Δ))/(2*a)=(-8+-sqrt(8))/(2*1)=-8/2+-sqrt(4*2)/2=
=-4+-(sqrt4)*sqrt(2))/2=-4+-(2*sqrt(2))/2=-4+-sqrt(2)
Now that the roots x_1=-4+sqrt(2) and x_2=-4-sqrt(2) are found the factoring can be done as follows:
x^2+8x+14=1*(x-(-4+sqrt(2)))(x-(-4-sqrt(2)))=
=(x+4-sqrt(2))(x+4+sqrt(2))
An easier example for a better understanding
Factor the following function:
y=x^2+8x+12
We solve the equation:
x^2+8x+12=0
Δ=b^2-4*a*c=8^2-4*1*12=16
x=(-b+-sqrt(Δ))/(2*a)=(-8+-sqrt(16))/(2*1)=-8/2+-4/2=-4+-2
x_1=-4+2=-2
x_2=-4-2=-6
Now we have:
x^2+8x+12=1(x-(-2))(x-(-6))=(x+2)(x+6)